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Magnesium-The Vital Mineral

Magnesium called the ‘master mineral’, plays a vital role in close to 600 reactions in the body. It plays an important role in maintaining the health of the heart, brain, and various muscles of the body. This mineral also plays a critical role in maintaining memory and cognitive health. It is required by every cell in the body and its deficiency can affect nearly every system of the body.

This mineral prevents Alzheimer’s by removing various heavy metals from the brain and creating new neural connections termed brain plasticity thus enhancing your ability to learn and remember. It also helps prevent diabetes by controlling blood sugar levels. It reduces the release of the stress hormone cortisol. Excess cortisol is the reason for memory loss, brain fog, anxiety, depression, and other mental disorders.

In addition, magnesium is necessary for:

1) Stimulating muscles and nerves
2) Creating energy by activating adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3) Helping digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
4) Serving as an important building block for RNA and DNA synthesis

However, it has been found that magnesium deficiency is quite common leading to many physical and mental health issues. According to experts, magnesium deficiency is the largest health problem in our world today. Magnesium deficiency can cause depression since it’s essential in the formation of the brain chemical serotonin responsible for elevating mood. Studies have found correlations between low magnesium and anxiety, aggression, ADHD, bipolar disorder, panic attacks, and schizophrenia.

The Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for magnesium depends on age but is about 400 mg for men and 360 mg for women.

Persons who lack a sufficient quantity become irritable, highly strung, sensitive to noise, hyper-excitable, apprehensive, and belligerent. If the deficiency is significant or prolonged, they may develop twitching, tremors, irregular pulse, muscle weakness, jerkiness, insomnia, and leg and foot cramps.

It is more important than calcium, potassium, or sodium and regulates all three of them. Severe magnesium deficiency can result in low levels of calcium in the blood (hypocalcemia). Magnesium deficiency also results in low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia).

As significant amounts of calcium are lost in the urine when it is deficient, the lack of this nutrient indirectly becomes responsible for tooth decay, lack of proper bone development, osteoporosis, and slow healing of broken bones and fractures. It also helps combat memory lapses associated with aging.

Sources of Magnesium

The most magnesium-rich foods are fruits, sea vegetables, green leafy vegetables, nuts, and seeds. Seaweed and green leafy vegetables can be excellent sources, as are some nuts, beans, and seeds, like pumpkin, sunflower, and sesame seeds. Avocados also contain magnesium. However, taking vegetable juices is an excellent option to ensure you’re getting enough minerals in your diet. Chocolate is also a good source of this mineral.

Why is there a reduction in its content?

Many factors deplete magnesium — diet, age, stress, medications, and other health conditions. It is found insufficient in the modern diet even when eating seemingly healthy foods. This huge decline is in part due to poor food choices. Refined foods have in them very little. But even the healthiest foods will be low in magnesium if grown in nutrient-depleted soil. Another dietary factor is our drinking water. Water was a good source, but current methods of purification remove much of it.

Aging often reduces magnesium levels. As we age, our intake and absorption usually go down, while excretion goes up considerably. And besides that, many elders are on at least one medication known to deplete this mineral. Chronic stress is another magnesium thief.

Magnesium is farmed out of the soil much more than calcium. A hundred years ago, we would get 500 mg of magnesium in an ordinary diet. Now we are likely to get just 200 mg. Industrial agriculture depletes the soil of nutrients. We now know that the significant use of fertilizers to create artificial fertility has hurt natural soil fertility.

Depleted soil conditions mean that plants (and meat from animals that feed on these plants) are lower in this mineral. Chemicals such as fluoride and chlorine in the water supply make magnesium deficient in water since these chemicals can bind to it. Common substances like caffeine and sugar, also deplete the body’s magnesium levels…So does stress.

Certain foods can influence the body’s absorption of them. If you drink alcohol in excess, for instance, it may interfere with the body’s absorption of vitamin D, which plays an important role in its absorption. If you consume excess sugar, this can cause the body to excrete through your kidneys, “resulting in a net loss”.

Underlying health conditions increase the need

Some medical conditions like diabetes, alcoholism, and anorexia deplete the mineral. Gastrointestinal problems such as celiac disease, IBS, Crohn’s disease, or intestinal flora imbalance prevent its absorption. High doses of the mineral zinc can also interfere with its absorption. Also, an unhealthy digestive system impairs your body’s ability to absorb it (Crohn’s disease, leaky gut, etc.)

Why is it hard to detect?

Unfortunately, doctors rarely check for magnesium deficiency. Most of the body’s mineral stores are tied up in bones and organs, so even a serum test is unfortunately not very reliable since only 1% of your body’s magnesium is in your blood.

Signs of deficiency:

According to Dr. Norman Shealy, “Every known illness is associated with a magnesium deficiency” and that, “it is the most critical mineral required for electrical stability of every cell in the body. A magnesium deficiency may be responsible for more diseases than any other nutrient.

Signs of its deficiency include
  1. Brain fog
  2. Lack of focus and concentration
  3. Trouble getting to sleep and staying asleep
  4. Never feeling rested even after a good night’s sleep
  5. Frequent muscle cramps
  6. Dark circles under the eyes
  7. Inability to handle stress
  8. Salt cravings
  9. Constipation
  10. Addiction to caffeine
  11. Easily startled
  12. Anxiety or panic attacks
  13. Feeling weak and tired after exercise
  14. Low blood pressure
  15. Low blood sugar
  16. Frequent headaches, including migraines
  17. Heart palpitations
  18. Dizziness upon standing up suddenly
Deficiency can also result in the following problems:
  1. Seizures
  2. Behavioral Problems
  3. Depression
  4. Asthma
  5. Chronic Fatigue
  6. Insomnia
  7. Anxiety or Poor Reactions to Stressors
  8. Muscle Spasms and Cramps
  9. Vertigo
  10. Trouble Swallowing
  11. Heart Arrhythmia
  12. Nausea and Vomiting
  13. Stomach Cramping
  14. Morning Sickness
  15. Hyperglycemia
  16. Arterial Calcification
  17. Hair Loss
  18. Cold Hands & Feet
  19. PMS
  20. High Blood Pressure

It is also often used to help with pregnancy-related hypertension and muscle cramps, to help ward off preterm labor, and to alleviate headaches. This mineral is often called the ultimate relaxation mineral. It helps relax the body and the mind, which both contribute to restful sleep. Additionally, it is needed for the proper function of the GABA receptors in the brain, and GABA is the neurotransmitter that allows the brain to transition to a restful state.

In cases of deficiency, the bones suffer in multiple ways:

It is needed for Vitamin D to turn on calcium absorption- this is why it is also important to get enough when taking Vitamin D (or its levels can become even more depleted)

It is needed to stimulate the hormone calcitonin which draws calcium out of the muscles and soft tissues and into the bones. This helps explain why it helps lower the risk of heart attack, osteoporosis, arthritis, and kidney stones

Though the symptoms seem ominous, magnesium deficiency is actually a relatively simple deficiency for the body to resolve with the right form. Many of the supplements on the market are pills or solutions taken internally. These can be effective, but can also cause digestive disturbances or stress to the kidneys.

By using magnesium trans-dermally, the body can absorb what is needed without absorbing too much. It is similar to soaking in an Epsom salt bath or in the ocean. A solution can be sprayed on the skin and the body can absorb what is needed at a much faster rate. It moves directly into the blood and tissues, replenishing the body’s needed stores more quickly and bypassing the kidneys.

Multiple studies have also shown that higher magnesium intake is associated with a higher bone mineral density in both men and women, and research from Norway has even found an association between magnesium in drinking water and a lower risk of hip fractures.

It may even help lower your risk of cancer, and a study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition showed that higher intakes of dietary magnesium were associated with a lower risk of colorectal tumors.

Approaches for overcoming magnesium deficiency

There are two approaches for overcoming magnesium deficiency: food and supplements. It is very common, even for those eating a healthy diet. It’s one of the reasons so many people feel exhausted even with little work. When looking for foods high in it, you would like to look for total magnesium per serving. As per the National Institutes of Health database, the top food sources are:

  1. Green leafy vegetables
  2. Nuts and seeds
  3. Fish
  4. Avocados
  5. Legumes
  6. Whole grains
  7. Yogurt(plain
  8. Bananas
  9. Dried figs
  10. Dark chocolate
Magnesium salts and uses

Magnesium citrate is the best all-purpose supplement. However, one of the most popular forms is an old standby, magnesium sulfate — the kind present in Epsom salts.

While magnesium sulfate makes a great soak for sore feet and muscles, it is too harsh to take internally. It can cause sudden diarrhea and disturb your electrolyte balance, leading to a serious condition known as hypermagnesemia.

Inexpensive supplements use forms like magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate which are well-known for their laxative effect. However, they will have you running to the bathroom but do little else when taken internally.

Besides taking a supplement, another way to improve this mineral is to take Epsom salt baths or foot baths. Epsom salt is a magnesium sulfate that can absorb into your body through your skin. Magnesium oil can be used for topical application and absorption.

Note: Whatever supplement you choose, avoid any containing Magnesium Stearate, a potentially hazardous additive.

Written by MedPlus